GnRH agonist and antagonist protocols for stage I-II endometriosis and endometrioma in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with GnRH antagonist or GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) in mild-to-moderate endometriosis and endometrioma. Design: Prospective randomize trial. Setting: A private IVF center. Patient(S): A total of 246 ICSI cycles in 246 patients were divided into three groups: women with mild-to-moderate endometriosis (n = 98); women who had ovarian surgery for endometrioma (n = 81); women with endometrioma and no history of previous surgery (n = 67). Intervention(s): Patients in each group were randomized to COH with either triptrolein or cetrorelix. Main Outcome Measure(s): Clinical parameters, characteristics of COH, and ICSI results were analyzed. Result(s): Outcomes of COH with both GnRH antagonist and GnRH-a were similar in patients with mild-to-moderate endometriosis. Implantation rates were 15.9% vs. 22.6% and clinical pregnancy rates were 27.5% vs. 39% with GnRH antagonist and GnRH-a protocols, respectively, in patients who had ovarian surgery for endometrioma. Implantation rates were 12.5% vs. 14.8% and clinical pregnancy rates were 20.5% vs. 24.2% with GnRH antagonist and GnRH-a protocols, respectively, in patients with endometrioma and no history of ovarian surgery. Conclusion(s): Considering the implantation and clinical pregnancy rates, COH with both GnRH antagonist and GnRH-a protocols may be equally effective in patients with mild-to-moderate endometriosis and endometrioma who did and did not undergo ovarian surgery.